Organisational Insights Analytical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organisational Insights Analytical - Essay Example nies play at different markets and engage in different industries, they are of equal scale in terms of organisational structure and number of employees. Comparing and contrasting both companies with respect to their individual industries will provide significant insights on the nature of organisations, in general. Strong Market Position in Scarborough – The company has a strong retail brand that built a reputation for selling quality goods at bargain price (Boyes, 2006). Boyes’ strong market position in Scarborough enhances the customer perception, company reputation, provides economies of scale and presents a platform to launch new products. It also enhances the brand image of the company. Strong market position enables the company to penetrate the market more effectively and serve a wide range of customers. (Best R. J., 1997) Balanced Product Mix – Boyes, Scarborough is engaged in operating a chain of department stores. The company’s key products include apparels, accessories, confectionery, cosmetics, electrical appliances, furniture, gifts, groceries, house wares, home decorative, stationery and toys. They sell virtually everything for the home and family (Boyes, 2006). A balanced product mix coupled with friendly and helpful services allowed Boyes to serve multiple customer segments which heighten its revenue growth. It provides greater choice to customers and encourages customer loyalty. (Best R. J., 1997) High dependence on Scarborough – Boyes is heavily dependent on the Scarborough market. Concentration of operations in the Scarborough area makes the company vulnerable to market conditions and environmental instability in this area. It puts the company in a competitive disadvantage relative to rivals and competitors with larger presence in different market geographical areas (Porter, 1985). As a business based largely in UK, Boyes is particularly exposed to any economic downturn which affects customer spending. Expanding product

Spelling Subject Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spelling Subject - Essay Example After she shared her discovery with her managers, the managers were quite proud of her because she had worked on a difficult project and created something that could add value to the society. The discovery made by her was shared with the production department and the people working in the production department were quite astonished by this innovation. They wanted her to explain in detail about her findings so they could honor her findings while developing the product. They explained that such an invention was very necessary and they should quickly start working on the project before a similar idea is produced by the competitors. They said Jane has not only helped the company, but have been very kind and considerate towards the people experiencing diabetes and her innovation was of huge amount of worth to all individuals living in the society. Her services were appreciated by the general management team as the team was already looking for such an innovation to increase the business of the

Country’s economy Essay Example for Free

Country’s economy Essay These are goods that cannot be provided by the private sector but are very essential to the development of a country’s economy. They are usually very expensive undertakings with fewer returns or take a long time for the investors to recoup their money back. This makes them to be less attractive to the private sector investors who are mainly driven by the profit motive and would thus be unwilling to invest their resources in such projects. The government has the mandate of providing such goods that are very essential which have indivisible cost with a marginal cost of zero (Kaul, 2006). It is not possible to practically charge the public for the utilizing such goods. The government can therefore, only collect taxes from the public to enable it provide public goods. Public goods in this category include roads and state security provided by the policemen who are paid by the government. There are other public goods that even though, they have high returns and the private sector can be able to invest in them, they cannot be allowed to do so by the government due to the amount of risk involved. Manufacturing or trading of weapons is a risky activity that no government can be willing to allow it to be done by the private sector as it would put the public into a lot of risk since the private sector investors in such an industry would mostly be guided by the profit motive and not whether or not ammunitions will be on the wrong hands or the right ones (Kaul, 2006). The public goods are very important to everyone, including the private investors who shy away from investing their resources in such ventures. It is this importance that makes the government to be under obligation of providing such goods to its people since they are very essential and it is only the government that is best placed to provide them (Kaul, 2006). Reference: Kaul, I. (2006): What is a public good? Retrieved on 17th June 2009 from, http://mondediplo. com/2000/06/15publicgood.

Recession And Expansionary Monetary Policy Of Australia Economics Essay

Recession And Expansionary Monetary Policy Of Australia Economics Essay Introduction: Australia economy went through contraction in 2008-2009. however, since expansionary monetary policy was executed, Australia started to recover step by step. Business cycle refers to fluctuations in economic activity. The economy doesnt always stay still. It shifts over time between expansion and recession. In order to prevent economy from going too far from balance, the monetary authority of a country executes monetary policy. Monetary policy is used to control the supply of money, often targeting a rate of interest, so as to attain goals of growth and stability of economy. When economy is in expansion, a contractionary policy works. Under such circumstances, the government reduces the size of money supply, or if it raises the interest rate. When economy is in contraction, an expansionary policy works. It increases the total supply of money, or if it reduces the interest rate. The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) serves as the central bank of Australia. It holds the duty of keeping the nations economy sound and stable. RBA has several monetary policy tools available to influence the business cycle: increasing interest rates, reducing the monetary base, and increasing reserve requirements. All contracts the money supply, and, if reversed, expand the money supply. Increasing interest rate leads to higher opportunity cost of investment, thus more people choose to deposit instead of investing. This stops economy from being too heated up. While reducing interest rate means lower opportunity cost for investing, encouraging investment in a recession. Such is the role of RBA in counter cyclical policy. The year 2008 till now is a period of economic extraction. The financial crisis of 2008, considered to be the worse financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s, is triggered by a liquidity shortfall in the United States banking system caused by the overvaluation of assets. Financial institutions collapsed, stock markets turned down all around the world. Economic activity declines significantly. Australia, as a small, open economy with a financial sector that is well integrated with the rest of the world, is not immune to the enfolding financial crisis despite the robustness of the Australian financial system. The crisis contributed to the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth and substantial financial commitments incurred by the government. The economic indicator-GDP slowed down significantly, as we can see in the following table. Year Mar Jun Sep Dec Average 2010 0.50 0.50 2009 0.80 0.70 0.30 1.10 0.73 2008 1.00 0.60 0.30 -0.90 0.25 Table1GDP Growth QoQ Source: Trading Economics Economy went through a tough time in 2008. GDP growth kept declining from Q1 to Q4. To be detailed, GDP growth declined at a rate of 40% from Q1(1.00) to Q2 (0.60), 50% from Q2(0.60) to Q3(0.30), shockingly 400% from Q3(0.30) to Q4(-0.90)! Businesses broke. Nation wealth shrinked. Economy fell into abyss. Worse still in 2009, Australian economy had a rather difficult time with bad economic growth performance. The economic activity in Australia has slowed and is set to continue to slow before starting to rebound in 2009. Indicators of Australian Activity (Table 2) show how the recession was like in 2007-2009. GDP and consumption in 2008 dropped to half of their prior years level, while inflation in 2008 reached twice the level of its prior year. Business investment dropped by over one point from 2007 to 2008, and it was even worse in 2009. Though wage cost index decreased from 4.1(Year 2007) to 3.7(Year 2009), labor market unemployment rate increased from 4.4 to 5.2. Source: Melbourne Institute Before 2007, the monetary policy was concerned with bringing inflation down. However, within the space of one year, the landscape of macroeconomics has changed due to three concerns-recession, retrenchment and risks. In this recession, Australia needs an expansionary monetary policy, which can provide liquidity to further financial collapse. Inflation is no longer the top concern, since it is more important to keep a sound financial system and a low rate of unemployment. Inflation rise to 4.4 in 2008, and came down to around 3.0 in 2009. In the wake of the global financial crisis, the RBA began a policy of monetary loosening, reversing the trend of tightening. It has enacted similar procedures to the United States Federal Reserve to inject liquidity in domestic credit markets (such as moving funds into the cash market and introducing a term deposit auction facility). In response to both weaker domestic and global economic data, the Reserve Bank Board moved to an expansive monetary policy: the cash rate target was reduced by a full percentage point in October 2008, by a further 0.75 percentage point in November and, most recently in December, by another full percentage point. Lets take the monetary policy executed in October as an example. In October 2008, RBA lowered the cash rate by 100 basis points to 6.0 percent. The Board judged that a material change to the balance of risks surrounding the outlook had occurred, requiring a significantly less restrictive stance of monetary policy. At the same time, measures are taken to provide authorized deposit-taking institutions greater flexibility to manage their liquidity. Specially, relax the current restriction that prevents an institution from using residential mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed commercial paper of a related party as collateral in its repo operations with the Bank. Whats more, restrictions on substituting collateral within an existing rep, with the exception of general collateral, will be removed. Where the substitution includes changes in the asset class of collateral, the margin applying to that collateral will be adjusted accordingly. Though Australia has not been immune to the financial woes, the economy has been cushioned by solid growth in China. Domestically, the loosening in monetary policy and the series of fiscal stimulus packages are likely to steer the economy away from a recession.

Their Common Enemy :: essays research papers

Their Common Enemy It is known that a number of students dislike school. School is a big topic of conversation in every student's life. Some students enjoy the work but most talk about how horrible it is. Take a random group of students; have an open discussion on school work and you will find that students will be agreeing with each other about how stressed they are. The students found a common enemy and it brought them closer because they could talk bad about school and agree with each other. Just like the students who bond when talking about schoolwork, Linda and Willy from Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller, bond when they discuss money. "Well it makes 70 dollars and some pennies, That's very good (35)." Linda says this to Willy after she found out that his pay wasn't as expected. Whenever they talk about paying their mortgage they seem to compromise and have a healthy conversation. Usually when they talk about other important issues, they end up arguing because Willy has a short temper. "You shouldn't have criticized him, Willy, especially after he just got off the train. You mustn't lose your temper with him (15)." Willy has no shame because he will talk about anyone and not care. Talking about their mortgage helps them to stay together by agreeing with one another. Whenever the topic comes up, their moods totally change and even though they might not know it; they act as if paying their mortgage is their favorite thing to discuss. "WILLY: `Well, that's a great thing. To weather a twenty-five year mortgage is ------ .' LINDA: `It's and accomplishment.' (73). When they are almost done paying they are very happy and even Willy makes a comment; but he stops himself from expressing his true feelings. Why? Why does Willy prevent himself from being happy with the good things that he has in his life? He tries to live a life that doesn't exist and ends up agonizing. He should just enjoy what he already has and work with it. What ends up happening is that Willy becomes his own enemy so it's not about the mortgage or money anymore. He is the enemy and Linda, Biff and Happy are the one's that come together to help Willy be content. LINDA: `He's dying Biff.' BIFF: `Why is he dying?' LINDA: `He's been trying to kill himself.' (58)" Linda and Biff come together even more because of Willy trying to commit suicide. Willy is destroying himself because he is too much of a dreamer. Linda talks to Willy realistically and tries to break up his dreams.

Privatization: Metropolitan Boston Transit Authority (MBTA) and the Cal

Privatization: Metropolitan Boston Transit Authority (MBTA) and the California State Compensation Insurance Fund According to Robert B. Denhardt, Public Administration an Action Orientation, privatization "is the use of non governmental agencies to provide goods or services previously provided by government." (P.95). Privatization comes in various degrees, from the outright selling or transfer of government ownership of assets (for example public utilities), to, as is more common in the United States - the contracting of goods or services to private firms. Contracting is not something new in government. For example the Defense Department procures new weapons systems from the private sector all the time and the Pentagon oversees contracts totaling more than $150 billion a year. From the outset, it must be made clear that privatization is an enormously complex issue for which there is no simple solution. However, it is an idea that has grown tremendously popular among politicians (and by natural extension Administrators who must carry out policy issues once policy decisions are made by the politicians) in recent years. The idea of privatization will likely not diminish as cash starved governments from the federal to the local levels seek to reduce costs while promoting efficiency. It is this idea of reducing costs that will be the focus of this paper. We will see as the debate unfolds that when it comes to government, costs alone is not always the determining factor in the delivery of goods and services. There are many arguments that cost reduction does not necessarily improve efficiency nor does it guarantee equal delivery in the delivery of goods and services (equality being a fundamental constitutional value). Fin... ...bility of Public-Private Competition As A Long - Term Service Delivery Strategy." Public Productivity & Management Review 19, Number 1 (September 1995): 12-24. Newslibrary.krmediastream.com/cgi-bin/doc../nl_auth?DBLIST=1b96&DOCNUM=1392 Cohen, Steven, Eimicke, William The New Effective Public Manager - Achieving Success in a Changing Government. 2nd ed. Jossey-Bass San Francisco 1995. Wallin, Bruce A., "The Need for a Privatization Process: Lessons from Development and Implementation. Public Administration Review 57 Number 1 (January/February 1997): 11-20. http://fpac.fsu.edu/parbaby/pdf/1997/janfeb/wallin.pdf Dilger, Robert J., Moffett, Randolph R., Struyk, Linda, "Privatization of Municipal Services in America's Largest Cities" Public Administration Review 57 Number 1 (January/February 1997): 21-26. http://fpac.fsu.edu/parbaby/pdf/1997/janfeb/dilger.pdf

Han and Roman Dynasty View on Technology

After studying the provided documents (#1-8) its come to my understanding that both the Han and Roman empires thought of technology as useful and somewhat revolutionary, but both of them had somewhat different feelings of it. The Han dynasties attitude toward technology was that they thought it was very benefical, and they admired it. The reason this was because they though it to be very helpful in agriculture and construction purposes. Evidence of the positive effects of this can be seen in Document 4: History of the Early Han Dynasty which tells of a governer of Nanynay and as the very generous and loving person he was his policies also refelcted his personality. He had so much love for his people he wanted to lift weight of their shoulders and make their lives a little easier by inventing a water-powered blowing-engine which was enjoyed by eveyone adopted and spread his invention. The Roman empire however were not as positive about technology as the Hans. Even though they appreciated it to some extent the main viewpoint from the documents suggested that they thought of it was a bit demeaning also. Evidence can be found in Document 7, written by an upper-class Roman philospher and adviser which was saying that he did not believe that tools were created by â€Å"wise men† meaning a very developed mind, or someone who was thinking outside the box. He believe like the hammer for instance was created by a simple minded human, though its a very popular tool it was not advanced a tool as it could've been. Han and Romans both used technology for conservation and storage purposes of water in the environment. In Document 1 written by a Han goverment official. He wrote about the most efficent ways to ensure that flooding would be prevented. He thinks everyone should cooperate togther as a team, the high officals should patrol each side of the river and the common people should help in construction and repair. They welcome technology in this way because it will be saving the lives of people. In Document 8 written by a Roman general, governer of Britain, Frontinus, and water commissioner for city of Rome which basically brags about how great and sufficient their water system of distribution and compares it even to the great pyramids using the word ide meaning a waste of time, non functioning. By saying this you could imply how they looked down upon other structures that weren't their own, no matter how great. Saying that their construction is both useful and a marval and ts just something pretty to look at. The Roman empire and Han dynasty both needed technology to be able to help with their agricultural and structure building accuracy. In Document 6 written by Plutarch, Greek-born Roman citizen and high officals describe second-century B. C. E Roman political leader Gaius Gracchus, first century C. E. he is admired for his appliance[->0] of the condtion plan of the grace, beauty, detailed that he put into he design of the columns and the other monuments of Rome. In Document 3: New Discourses written by Hauan Tan an upper-class Han philopsher is saying how a mythological wise emperor Fuxi invented the pestle and mortar after it was imporved it thus notably increased the efficiency in China. These 2 documents show that technology was used profusely and was progressing. Document 2: written bu Huan Guan a han goverment offical, Discourses on Salt and Iron he describes how the salt and iron markets begin to manufacture backwards or useless tools. Previously these tools were quite excellent in quality but now that the state has monopolized the salt and iron trades most of the tools provided are hard to work with. This is a view by the Romans that demonsrtaes the more negative side of technlogy or how they were highly upset and unimpressed with the technology. In Document 5 written but Ciero and upper class political leader On Duty he finds that working in a workshop is not only degrading but he doesn't find it enlightening or in other words he thinks that it's useless. Ciero finds no use for technology, and that may be beacuse of his high placing in society he's not in touch with the world of craftsmen whatsoever so there is of course no use for it to him. Another example of a high class official having a negative view was in 7, like stated before Seneca believed that tools were useless he an adviser to Emperor Nero so that could be a reason why his views were different. The lower ranking people, or commoners can only use tools so that's why I believe that they were so grateful for the technology they were given ot provided with. The upper class people only use the finished poduct they don't know the importance of tools. The Roman and Han both found technoloy very useful and an everyday neccessary. Although the Han viewed the technology verey beneficial for their agriculture and praised the advanced tools and their inventors and well as their own work. The Romans only appreciated the product of technology and its design and craftmeship. Both civilizations technology was very imortant and helped to advance both that can still be seen in China today. [-;0] – /Dictionary/search? q=define+appliance=DTPDIA